Railway signaling system.



PATBNTBD MAY 15, 1906.

H. W. GRIFFIN. RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JAH.1B,'1905.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

invents Eitucsscsz 4% witnesses:

PATENTBD MAY 15, 1906. H. W. GRIFFIN.

RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLIOA'I'ION FILED JANJB 2005.

lmmutu r n.

No. 820,411. PATENTED MAY 1 5, 1905.

H W. GRIFFIN.

RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM,

APPLIOATIOH rmw JAN/1a. 1905.

PATBNTED MAY 15, 1906.

H. W. GRIFFIN.

RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLIGATIOR FILED JAHJG, 1905.

6 8HBETS- SHEET 4.

:PATBNTED MAY 15, 1906.

H. W. GRIFFIN.

RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLIUATIOH FILE}! Luna, 1905.

a? \n- N g h. nu v ms a i 8 m i &

k. n a

i 2 A i m PATBNTBD MAY 15. 1906.

H. w. GRIFFIN. RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM.

PPLI TI L 03 0] FILED JAE 1B 1806 6 SHEBTS SHBET 6.

l i inventor 38 gttummg ar ijflerent condition of circuits.

ftem in ali res cuts like the signs UNITED STATES v PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY W. GRIFFIN, 0F NEWXORK, N. Y.; ASSIHNUR TO THE UNION SWITCH ANDSIGNAL UQMPANY, OF SWISSVALE, IENNSYLVANIA. A CORPORATION OFlENNSY].VAN.iA.

RAlLWAY SIGNALKNG SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May is, 1906.

. mum! and January 18.1995. Ssriai amnesia.

State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHaiiway Signaling Systems, of which the following is a specification,

. My-invention relates to railway signaiing' stems. I Y 1 I willdescribe a raiiwaysi' sling system embodying my invention and varietiesor modification of the signaling system also embodying my invention andtheir point out the novei features thereof in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a. diagrammatical viewillustrating a por tion of a raiiway, a rsilway-s'i nal, endoppliedthereto an arrangement 0 circuits constituting o si nailing systemembodying iny invention. igs. 2, 3, andA are v'iewssimi- *larto Fi m i,but showing different conditions of t 9. parts and s i'steln'iiiustratedin Fi 1; dub to the passage of a train along a. rai way. Fig. 5 is aview similar to Figs. 1 to 4 but showing a variation or modification ofthe signaling system therein illustrated. Fi 6 is a view similar to Fig.5, but showing Figflillustrates a portion of a continuous sinalingsysing system illustrated in igs. 1 :04. Fig. 8 illustrates thesignaling system of Fig. 7, but showing dilferent conditions. of theparts and system due to the presence of a train. Fig. 9 illustretes avariation of the signaling system illustrated in Figs. 3 to 4. l ig. I01311 View signiiar to Fig. 7 but showing a different condition of thesystem and parts. Simiiar characters of reference designate cor-resonding parts inaliof the ltai way-signaling asjt isgencraily understoodconsists in the location of signaling'de vices at different points on arailws. which in gruel ng devices are used to give in ie'ations V orwarnings to a driver of a train or car" whether or no he can proceedwith his'trsin' er -m. A signaling device in one os'ition or: displayingone color gives one in icetion or warning and in another position ordisplaying another color gives another indication or warning. 'ihcs'csignaling devices-areprw vidcd i uqu i ppod with. suitable iiuechanism[or operating them, and this mor'hanisni may be automatic in itsoperation and automatirally{controlled} autmnign n its operation andnominally;r:;;itrollod,.or imnnmily operated.

filockfsignaling as it generaiiy"nndorstood consists in thelm-ation ofsignaling dovices'at diiierent and successive poinfsnlong a railwaywhereby trains or cars traveling along. the railway will be spacedapart, and

thereby protected in their passage along the railway. r

Automatic block-signaling as it is generally i nderstood consists in theautomatic operatio'n and automatic control of the signaling devices.'The automatic control is 0i)- tained through an arrangement ofelectrical circuits whereby achange ofcondition in ne circuit producesor causes a change in condition ofone or more other circuits. It is suchan arrangement of circuits which'is 'rnerally termed a .ystem.Thegdifi'erent circuits in one condition afieets certain; apparatuscomprised therein to have or permit of tho signaiing devices alsocomprised in the systom being'iii one position of indioation or causedto display one color, and the same cir- (nuts 'in another conditionagain affect the apparatus comprised therein tohave or ermit of thesignaiin devices being mover to another position 0 indication or causedto dis lay another color. i 5 15y the term syste '5; as herein used andas contemplated by my invention I mean an arrangement or combination ofelectrical rircuitsitoarrangcd that a. change in condition of'any oneeirouitin the arrangement or com-- binationeausbs a change in conditionof one or more other circuits, and thereby controls or e'fleetsthe'oporation' of apparatus that may be included in the system. Twochanges'in condition of a. circuit. which lfhereiir cmplor are, first,the condition of being closed and, the condition of being open. There hea. third change in conditionto wit,.

that of being1closed',liut the current flowing therein being so rcak orsmall as not to have any appreoiiabis operative eflect on the apporatnsincluded in the circuit.

The raiiway-signais, which may conveniently be embodied or included inthe system embodying my invention, comprise a signal device, anoperating mechanism or apparatus for moving the signal device from oneosi tion of indication to another position oi Hull" cation, and a meansor mechanism for at times and under certain conditions holding the sgnal device in the po ition to which it has been moved by the o )cratingmechanism or apparatus. Preferably the operating mechanism is automaticin its operation. The signal device may be any which by its color or byits position relatively to its su port gives indications of the servicecontition of the railway-track or section of railway-track which itoverns. Ordinaril the signal device is in t e form of a semapioresignal, which, as it is well known,compriscs a blade and acounterweight, the latter also serving to carry colored glass, which isused in connection with a li ht. The blade is employed for indicationsuring the day and the colored glass and light for indications at nightor other times when the blade is not easil visible. This is well knownand need not edescribed. As is usual, the semaphore (I will hereinafteruse this term instead of signal device, though it should be understoodthat my invention is not limited to this )articulanform of signaldevice) is mounted on a post or other support in such manner that itscounterweight always acts to move the blade to a horizontal osition.This horizontal position is availed o as a position of indication andgenerally termed the "danger or stop position of the semaphore. Usuallyoperating mechanism or apparatus of some sort or nature is employed uponan expenditure of energy of some sort or nature to move the semaphorefrom its horizontal position to one or more inclined positions,depending upon whether the semaphore is to be used or two or threepositions of indication. In the invention herein set forth the semaphoreis used for two indications. Its horizontal position is availed of forone position of indication and'its inclined position availed of asanother position of indication. The horizontal osition is termed thedanger position of t e'sema' hore, and in this position one color,genera 1y red, is displayed. The inclined osit ion is, termed the safetyposition of It "e s'emaphore, and in this position another color isdisplayed, which may be white, green, or yellow. 7 The color to be dislayed in any of the positions of the semaphore ma be anydesired. Theholding means, as shall hereinafter term them, generally comprise anelectrically op-.

erated or actuated part, and only at such times that an electriccurrentor' :an electric current of suflicient energy is present in theenergizing winding or coil associated with such part is the holding-means effective to retain the semaphore in itsinclined position orsafctyposition. When ane ectriccu rrent or an electric current ofsufficient'en ergy is not present in the energizing-winding, the

\ holding means is ineffective to perform its l function, and the scumhere under the action of its countcrwciglt'assumes its horizontal ordanger position.

The motive power for the mechanism or apparatus may be lectricity or afluid under pressure An example of a railwa -signal operated byelectricity and embodying a t holding d e vice may be found in UnitedStates Patent No. 600,385, granted March 8, 1898, to V. K. Spicer, or inUnited States Patent No. 611,943, granted October 4, 1898, to J. GvSchreuder. An example of a railway-signal operated b a compressed fluidand embodying a ho] ing device may befound in United States Patent No.745,309,.granted November 24, 1903, to J. P. Coleman. I I have notherein specifically illustrated any 4 form of automatic railway-signal,as my intype of railwayvention is applicable to any means or whichsignal comprising a holding may have applied to it a holding device,which holding means acts at times to hold the semaphore or other signaldevice in any position to which it has been moved by the operatingmechanism or apparatus.

The semaphores or other signal devices of the railway-signals included111 the system should usually be in a horizontal or danger position ofindication-that is to say, a train or car approaching a railway-Si nalwill, if the conditions warrant, act to a cot certain circuits to causethe operating mechanism or apparatus to move the semaphore thereof fromits danger position to its safety t position of indication, and thetrain or car t after passing the railway-signal so 0 aerated l againacts to affect the operating mec ianism or apparatus, or moreparticularly the holding mechanism, to ermit the semaphore to againreturn to its tlhnger position under the influence of its counterweight.In other words, aftera train or car signal which. it has cause thesemaphore thereof to be'moved to safety osition the train by its actionrenders the ho ding device inoperative to hold, the semaphore in itssafety position, so that the counterweight acts to return the blade toits danger position.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 4 ofthe drawings, A designates a portion ofa railwaytrack, the oppositelines of rails of which are electricallydivided into sections by means of insulation a, laced at suitablepoints. i The purpose of t is is to make use ot the rails of the railwain electrical circuits, ,The section of raiway. -track etwecnutwo ad-.jacent insulation points is generally termed i a "trackrse fiqn}, ,Eachtrack-sect on (in Figs. 1 to 4' fhayeshown two, designated 1 2, andparts of two dthers designatedy3 aud t) is provided at onhiend with asource of ourrent-sup ly Xfisnc h source of sup lybeing electrica lyconnected with the rails of the (passes a railwaytrack-section and arelay or translating device R at its other end, which is alsoelectrically connected with the rails of the track-section. So long asthis circuit is complete current from the source of supply flows throughthe track-rails and relay, and the relay will, being energized, actthrough its armature r to control one or more circuits, as willhereinafter be described. Ii this circuit, which is generally termed atrack-circuit, is interrupted, so that current does not flowthrough therelay, or the source of current is shortcircuited or shunted-as, forexample, by a air of wheels and their axle of a train bridging thetrack-rails-the relay will be either wholly denergized or deenergized tosuch an extent as to act through its armature r to again control thesome circuits or still other circuits. In other words, the relayresponding-to the presence or absence of current in its energizing-coilacts through its armature to fcontrola circuit or circuits. Therefore,leaving out accidental breaks of the continuity of the track-circuitwhen no train or part of it is in any track-section, the track-circuitthereof is complete and without short circuit or shunt, and the relaythereof attracts its armature to controi one or more circuits. With a.train or anypart of it in the track-section it acts as a short circuitor shunt ml the source of supply of the trackcircuit thereof, and thisractically deprives the relay of current. 'l he relay becomingdeem-rgized, its armature falls or is pulled away from the core. of theenergizing-coil and its {POINT contact onto its back contact to againcontrol one or more circuits or the some circuit or circuits which itcontrolled when attracted by the energizing-coil. Each block-section isprovided at its entrance end with a railway-signal, which serves toprofeet the passage of train in and through its block-section. S desinates one suchfailwa signal and S another; The distances! rai waybetween the si aids and S is termed a block-section, ant as here shown,only includes one track-section and track-circuits. However, eachblock-section may comprise a plurality of track-sections and also arality of track-circuits, any or all of w ich may control or allect theoperation of its and other railway-signals. Each railwa -signal.comprises a son: apho'z e or other signs. device 8, an operatingmechanism comprising an electrically-riperated part or device M, and aholding means also comprisin an electricallyoperated part or device H.he form of motor comprised in the operating. mechanism is immaterial.Either form of operating mechanism of the patents herein referred to mayhe employed. oreted part or device comprised in thecpernting mechanism,and the part so designated in the drawings may he considered that part.Each of the railway signal apparatus in the Each has an electrically-oppatents referred to has a holding means, which serves to hold or retainit! tinws linsvnuiphore in its safety position only, and each of theholding means comprises an z-li-ctricnllv-operated part or device whichcoin trols the cilcrtivcness of the holding means. The part sodesignated in the drawings may be considered that part. The art kl isincluded in an electrical circuit, w iich 1 herein term a motive-power"circuit, and the part H is included in an electrical circuit, which Iherein term a holding-circuit. 'lhc holding and motiveower circuits arewhat may heterined loca circuits-that is, they are usually local to therailway-signal, as is shown in the drawings, but our not be when othertrack-circuits also contro the holdin circuit. These circuits may hesupplied wit current from the same or different sources, which sourcesof current may or may not be adjacent to the railwaysignal. In thedrawings I have shown these circuits as being supplied from a battery X.The usual con 1- tion of theholdin -circuit is closed. Theencrizing-coil included in the part II being of iigh resistance retardscattery ('OIlSlllIlPlLlOIl. The usual condition of the motive-powercircult is disahled or open, it being only energized or closed when itis desired to move the semaphore s from its danger position to itssafety position. The holding-circuit is controlled from the relay ll ofa tnu-krir -uit of the block-section which the railway-signal guards orprotects. The motivcmwcr rir cult is controlled, first, by a relay (1included in what 1 herein term a clearing-circuit;" second, by the relayin, the track-circuit of the block-section whiclrtho railway-signalguards or prot-ectsfand, third, by one or more circuit-controllersmechanically operatedby the railway-signal. l l designate two suchcircuit-controllers, which may he of any desired construction andincorporated and operated by the railway-signal 1n any desired manner.For example, the QllCUlt-(nlh trollers I and I may be incorporated andoperated in the same manner as are the circuitcontrollers of UnitedStates Patent No. 600,385 hcreinhol'ore referred to, except ashereinaitcr' provided. The clearing-circuit is controlled by a relay orrelays of one or more preceding track-circuits.

Figs. l to 4 illustrate the necessary circuits for operating onerailway-signal. Every other railway-signal may he provided or equippedwith the some arrangement of or system of circuits. Fig. i ilhisl ruinsthe usual conditionof lhccircnitsuud parts. The track-circuits ol"track-sections 1 and 2 are closed. The clearing-circuit is open, which,starting from the battery X is wire 5, armature 1' and its back contact,wire ii, rclay wire 7, and battery )1". The holding-circuit of therailway-signal is closed ,which, starting from the battery X, is wire'8,armature r and its front contact, wire 9, eircuit-controller I, wires 10and 18, coil of holding device II, wire ll to battery. The motivwpowi reir cuit is open, which, starting from the battery tacts.

X, is wire 5%, armature 1' and its front eontact, wires -9 and 14+,circuit-controller I, 7

for the battery X of that traclccircuit, and

the relay R becoming decnergized its armature moves away from its frontcontact onto itsback contact, thus completing or closing the clearring-circuit. ergized by current from the battery X and attracts itsarmatures rc to close the motivebut it is made to engage two frontcontacts This arrangement is dmgrammatically illustrated b twoarnnitures c c engaging con- 'l his is true of every othrr relay illustrated as having more than one armature.

In connection with the holding means this device, notwithstanding thefact that the circuit through the energizing-coil included in such deace IS usually closed irrespectlve of the position of the indication ofthe semaphore, acts only so long as its circuit is closed and sullic entcurrent is flowing therem to retam the semaphore in its safety positionafter the semaphore hnsbeen moved to that The relay (1 is then en- Ppower circuit, wl'i ch, as stated, included the electricslly-operuteddevice M. ing mechanism of the railway-signal then acts to move thesemaphore s from its clunger position. The parts and circuits will thenbe in the condition illustrated in Fig. 3 and will remain in thiscondition during the passage of the train or car throu' h track-section1 and until the first pair of wheels and axle enter traclescction 2. Themoving of the semaphore to its safety position -is an indication thatthe block-section 2, protected or guarded bythe railway-signal S. 18clear of trains or cars and in serviceable condition.

Should any train or car or any part of it be on the rails oftrack-section2, it acts as a short circuit for the battery X of thetrack-circuit of that section, and the relay R thereof being denergizedopens the holding-circuit and the motiveower circuit, so that thesemaphore cannot e moved to its safetv position. This condition isillustrated in the train T not to be the train T in Fig. 3.

Fig. 4 also indicates the conditions of the circults after th train Thas entered track-section 2. The Wheels and axles upon enteringtrack-section 2 act as a short circuit for the battery X, comprised inthe track-circuit of track-section 2, and the relay R of thattrackcircuit becoming denergized its armature moves to open theholding-circuit and permits the semaphore under the influence of itscounterweight returning to its danger position. So long as the train orcar or any part of it remains in the track-section 2 the seinephoreremains in its danger position and cannot be moved to its safetyposition by the action of a train entering track-section 1. After thetrain or car moves com letely out of track-section 2 the circuits anparts assume the condition shown in Fig. 1, in which condition therailway-signal is ready to be again operated by a train or car enteringtrack-section 1.

The relay C, in fact, has only one armature; l

1 4, assuming The operat- 1,

termed a continuous system of,

position. This will be readily understood upon reference toeither of theLetters Patent herein referred to.

The circuit-controller I is so constructed and arranged that it closes acircuit-to wit, battery X, wires 8 9 12 13 14, armature c and its frontcontact, wires 15 16 17 18, part H and wire 11 before it breaks thecircuitbattery X, wires 8 9 1O 18, part H, and wires 1 1 to battery X.This circuit-contr0lleris so constructed this way and thetransfer-circuit 12 13 14, &c., provided in order that the semaphore .9would be put to danger in case a train or car did not pass it and backedout of track-section 1. 1

Referring now to Figs. 5 and 6, substantially the same arrangement orsvstcm of cir cuits is em )loyed as illustrated in Fi s. l to 4. Thedifl'erence is that when the c caringrelay C is deenergized its armaturemoving onto a back contact closes a shunt-circuit of low resistancearound the part H-to wit from battery X, wires 11 24, armature 0, wire25 and resistance R, wire 26, circuiteontroller I, wire 9, armature r,and wire 8 to battery. This circuit is used only when a train or carentering track-section 1 does not proceed through it and pass the signalS, but, on the contrary, moves out of the track-section 1 at the end inwhich it entered or onto a branch track, As this occurs it is necessaryto again return the semaphore to its danger position. This isaccomplished through the relay R of track-section 1 opening theclearing-circuit as the train or car passes out of the track-section,and the clearing-circuit being opened the clearing-relay C drops itsarmature onto its back contact, thereby closing the shunt-circuit-towit, from battery X, wires 11 24, armature 0, wire 25, and resistanceR", wire 26', circuit-controller I, Wire 9, armature r, and wire 8 tobattery. Just before this operation the car or train leavingblocksection 1 without entering block-section 2 the circuits and partswill be in the condition illustratedin Fip: 6. f f

In Figss7' an 8 a portion of what may be s gnaling is illustrated-thatis, a system of signaling embodyin myinventlon apphed'toa number ofsuccee ing block-sections. The system lllllSlT'fllfli in these 'iwo fi'ures is in all res ivcts liko llmt llllla'ililiOiT in Figs. 1 to 4. Mg.7 illustrates what-may he turmoil the "nurmul" or "u:-\ml ('omlition ofH10 virvuits mul parts, and Fig. 8 the condition of cirvnitn Illlllparts when a train is in any one l locli-smtion.

l t vill lw lllllli'l'tliflfltl, of (nurse, that in other systems ofruilwnr-signnling-to wit;

lionie um! filistnntf uvorlnpff 8x501 warmtnnn: of Llwse olln-r H\'51lPl1IS--[llU(lLllC-l1- trons will necessarily have lo lK mar a; but

' those will lie obvious to any one skilled in the iii. For vxamphi, arailway-signal may be caused to operate lo more \ts .-'oma])l1oro or 7from its danger poeillon to itn signal device safety PUSIMOH Lhrongh theactionfof a train on the second or lluril preceding track-see- Lion'anil maintained inits clear {itififfiiiflifiiifil thee-a r or trainreaches or passes tire mile-e i: signal, after which the senmphoreis-returned.

ht rent-46 witJ.

to its danger position by itn counterw and maintained in its dangerposition through am number of succeeding ti'ona. This is merely a.matter of arm e-v nient. of' wlme I have herein termed 51aclearing-circuit, which is entirely ilisti'lipt from. he truck-circuitsof the track-sections arid from what. I'lnwe herein termeilthe holding"and Vinotive-yowerl cireiiifis.

My invention may therefore be said in comprise closexl track-circuitsfor oontrollin ling motive-power eironits onlygnd'lholding circuits,whioli are controlled, theiri'cpmg ponent. motive-power circuits;-byijonefloi V more other track-circuits; v V i v 1 In Fms. 9 amllO Ihave ill inned r'varim tion of tile signaling system illustrated'inFigs:

a l tofi. The 'svstem shown in Figs?!) and "19 vis what is tvlmienllyknown inythe' arb'a home and distunt signal' ,ahome a.

distant signal being lo'ceteilon t e same post at: the entrance end ofeach 'block seetion. T he operatil ineolninismfolf tlie'si-nmyhores orsignaling refines on each post may conveniently be the mime as thatillustrated in lniteii States Patent No. 61 l,943, l1ereinbe fororoferrml to. V l somapliores (iI](ll('kLlL'l in those figures by s ands'.) Ill'L oporntml by a HML'lmBlSHIViiR- limlying n sllh'lvelectricmotor, (indicated in I I I ilwse figures in M.) ll' ileslreil,{honourallmres s s may.

olvulrimll o iornloil device M and n wining 'lt'\'ll( U or 1 'Alma inthe w; shown in .Q mul 10 1 employ what ie known iisa "pnlm-imrri relayR for each tmck-oirouikthat ii. :1 an which is provided with two NewUrn-R one of which, 1, is a neutral arnmtiu o nml is lllrtlilcicll tothe core ofihe l ig coil ul (oils of lllt relay irrespective of the(ii-- in this patent the two influential on separate post and varliprovided with its own operating nieclmn ls! n each of which would(f-UIHYI'ISG n;

reetion of current through tho ('uils, iinil tlie oilwr of which, 1" inpolarized and is ultravi- (ll l ourrqnl flowing i 5 direction Ulil\'ll!lll is. in n iillllllut! in liUSU a circuit orrn'cuits.'l'liorcvorsnl oi' tin-rur- 9 3 ally connected- 'itlr the ;rails' of theFlocksection through; afole-chqnging deyice I. At .the entrance 'e'nf oftlie' bldck-seeilon IS a. "Rfl'fwhieh is also electrically proviiieil atits ex polarized rela."

'iiolarizea ape t re eontrolst'the I motive:- Fower ii'qmtr 'wof itl e oor the imilwmyfsi nal- 'o (wk-section,

s' "al dr twql liogi e si na ls auooeedmgeny igwenibloekisectiongl". heneutral armatiu'e v 7 "b1: e'; "locu1ted beneath the 1mm in; bored-a;thatpoint. Eaeliiiold-. -eireuil'. or a'ho'me signal may be tmoe as $0ows': Starting fromge,

distantlsmn holili'ng cleride ligand movedl'io jclose, ai:transfer-circuit, which, starting from the circuit-controller .1, iswires 7'? 78', armature d 0% clearing-relay C, (which willfof necessityI be one i'zeil before the home signal is moved from den or tofsafetyfil and wire??? tdwire 75. iiis is the smile dsdeseribeil inoonnection with Figs/1 to Land is for the same purpose.

be nu-mliling; Starting fi -iris \iresf'iil 71 armature-11, w'iros ?2"738U; arnnituro r, wires Si 82 {roller lfi wiiic-li is close lientlie'liolne signali liuvo a distant; si ynal is moved to "Sn-fol ironidanger; wires 84 S5, h0l ling lv'vioo i), anal wires 86 41, back 'tolintto!' The motive-power circuit. for moving a home signal from danger"to safety may be lraceilns follows: battery X, wires itn'd ii ith'dasouroe of only;

X-wlnch is electne-' erelingmechanism riits v 'Eaolr llUlllill eireuit.for a distant, signal mayfrom-a battery 7 v lln'oug'li the rolls in on!rent is obtained by means of wins! is 'teohl. I llltfilll) knownnitliourt llri n pulv-vlmnging liiviilecl into bloc conuecid wii ii hmek-miis f h bloeksectionzi'illhe neu'tral armature r of each 111Bliolding-jeirenit fortl e homa semaphore s V v thereof;amPth'cglearing-circuit for tire home also; iniedfnnfioix with tl'polarige fiarmm tore rflwgn gre {the aiding-circuit for. the

batteryzli, it' is wires 3Q 7071, armature? of Va track-relay, wires72.13Qeirfliti-9ontroller 1', wires 74 75,

"w1rese7fi41 back to rhateei'y; When aihorlie'sig'nal is moved .toi:siifety fpos ition, til e-fcircuit-eontroller I s v83 circuit-con 3O 7O71, armature r, wires 72 87, circuitfor the home sema bore 8 located atthe encontroller 1, wire 88, part M, wires 89 90, artrance end ofblocli-scction 2, and similarly mature c of a clearing-relay, and wires91 41 the some bore 8 located at the entrance end to battery. Thenlotivcpowcr circuit for of the book-section 2 is the distant sema- 5moving a distant signal from its horizontal to phore for-the home somewhore 8 located at 70 an inclined position may be traced as follows: theentrance end of tree -section 3. The

battery X, ;W1I'0S 71, armature 1", home semaphores 8 control thepassage of wires 72 73 80, armature r, wires 81-82 92, t1 ains throughthe block-section at which circuit-controllersl and I, (I being movedthey are located, while the distant serraro to point, 93 when homesignal is move:,)' phores act to serve as an indicator for their wire88, part M, wires 89 90, armature c of a omesignals. It willtheiefoz-e'be seen that clearing-relay, and wires 91 41 to battery. Athe control of a distant signal should be afclearin circuitfor the homes' al for the feoted by its home signal. This control ofsecondilock-se'ction in advancec inypartid the distant signal byits'home signal 18 cf- 5 ular block section-to wit, the home signalfected byareversalof the direction offlow of 8 0 for block-section 4,which is two blocks in cuirent ma track-circuit, the desired rerersaladvance of block-section 2may be traced being obtained by a pole-changerP, wh ch is as follows: battery X at block-section 2, referablymechanically connectedwith 11. wires 30 31 32, armature r of rela R ofome signal. For exam is, a movement of block-section 2,wires 33 34 35 3637,,cearin the home signal 8 at t e entrance end of relay ofblock-section 4, wires 38, 41, 39, 40, block-section 2from its dangerposition'to its 102,and 41, back to battery X". Aclearin safety sitionoperates the pole-changing circuit for the home signal for the'next bloc,device -,-;providd in the tr'ack-circmt for section in advance'o'fblock-section 2towit, block-section 1, which in tum reverse the di- 5block-section v3rnay be traced as follows: rection offlowof current f1om the battery X battery X at block-section 2, wires 30 31 42, throughthei track-rails and relay R fo'rthat armature r of relay R ofblock-section 2, track-circuit'to'calise a moverrent'of its wires 43'4445 46, clearing-relay C of blocle, larized armature r, and therebycause the section 3, wires 47, 41, 103, 40, 102,,and41 holding'circuitfor the distant signal located I 3 back to battery. The wire 40 may betermed attheentrance end of block-section 1 to-be a common wireTheclearing-circuit-fon closed. Also in'thirsys'temb circuit-cont-hehome 51' nal. two block-sections ir1,adtroller operated by the home sial directl Vance of bloc -section 3, for example, will be above-adisyt-signal is includecli n the hol a battery Xflsdjacent theblock-scction3, hag-circuit a distant signal. This-is dueto 35 wires 3031 32, armature 1 of tracksrela R'- the fact that's distant signalshould 'never rep of block-section 3, wires 33 34 35 36 37, c earin itssafety position unless its home signalas" ing-relay O of block-section5, wires 38, 41, 39,, inthe safety position. 1 1 I 40, 103, and 41, backto batte Theclear- In the .application of my invention toing-circuit'forthe home signs of the blockhome and distantsystemofsignaling, aside 4-scction next in advance of block-section3 from the.changesin the holding-circuits dus-jro5 to wit, 4will be battery X,adjacent the to the arrangement of two semaphores s and block-section3,-wires 3O 31 42, armature 1" a being operatedfrom a common mechanismof trackrelay B of block-section 3, wires 43 and the additions of thenecessary apparatus 35 36 -37, clearing-relay C of block-section 4, tocontrol a distant signal byits home signal,

45 wires 38, 4 1, 39, 40, 103, and'4l, back to .batthe only change overthe system shown in no tery h It will be seen that several wires Figs. 1to 6 is toextend the c earing=circuit to are common to differentclear-in circuits. include, preferably, the clearing-relays asso- Thisistrue of certain holding a'nr motivcciated with two succeedingblock-sections. power circuits, This" plan is adopted for For example,the clearing-circuit for block 5 cheapncss in installation. Of courseeach section 2 includes the clea1ing-relaysC,assocircuit may be entirelycomplete in itself ciated with the succeeding track-sections 3 4. thatis, all wire in that circuit will be used This is desirable in that atrain approaching only for that circuit and no others. The anysignalingoint will be enabled to obtain plan followed in the drawingsand as deinformation o the service condition of the 55 scribed isthoughtto bethe simplest and as two next block-scctionsin advance of theno affording the best method of illustrating and block-section throughwhich it is passing. describing the invention. 7 For exarrple, F ig. 9illustrates what may be As is well known, in the system illustrated itermed the normal" or usual condition in Figs. 9 and 10 a distant signalis located of the circuits and parts, and assuming that a some distancein advance of its home signal, train Tis in block-section 2, as thetrain T generally at a distance equal to the distance l first-enteredblock-section 2 it short-circuited between two adjacent home signals.For I the battery X of the track-circuit for that example, the sema bore8' located at the enblock-section from the relay R, which being tranceend of blocll-section 1, beneath the l denergized dropped its neutralarmature 1" 5 home semaphore s, is the distant semaphore i to close aclearing-circuit which includes the 130.

clearing-ii lays (l of the track-sections 3 and 4. (See Fig. Ht} 'lhcse1(ll]. \'fil)l('t)lllll1 {(lit-lgized elose the motive-power circuitswhich they control, and thus causc the mechanism for the homeseniapholes s, located at the entrance ends of tiat:ksecti()ns 3 and L,to opel ate and uxove them Loni their danger positions to theil safetypositions. As these sen,- aphores reach their safcty position and areretained in this position they operate tin-polechanging (leviccsconnect-oil with them to eontiol tho mechanisms connectml with theirdistant scniaphoze and havc them o wrote to move the distant semaphoresfl om tlu-ii dangcr positions to their safety position. This is wellknown and need not he described. Of coursc the distant seuaphoic 8'(located at the entrance end of block-section 2} for tho home signal 8located at tho rntrancc end of track-section 3 will not hc n:oved to itssafety position, as the wheels and axles of the train or car act as ashort circuit for the batter y X for the trackcircuit of thattrack-section and the relay becoming dcncrgizcd drops its neutralarmature, so that the holding-circuits for the homeand distantsemaphores are opened, as wcll as tho motive-power circuit. As tiletrain or car proceeds through the track-sections it successively acts asa short circuit for the' sou;ce of current p: ovidcd for the t1ackcircuits, thus dept iving the relays of current, and they hceon ingdecneigized open the holding and n otivc-powcr circuits of thesemaphores which they control.

It will be understood, of cmuse, thatthc prescnce of a train or car inany track-scetion will prevent the semaphore or semaphorcs guarding thattrack-section hour being moved it om their danger positions to theirsafety positions, notwithstanding the vfact that the clearing-(hunt isclosed by the entrance of a train or car into a ti lltli-SQCliQIl.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In combinationwith a railway-si nai comprising a signal device constructs to usuallygive a danger indication, an operating mechanism for moving it fromdanger indication to safety indication, means for at times holding it inits safety indication, and an electric circuit for the holding meansusually closed; of a clearing-circuit usually open and closed by theaction of a train on a trackcircuit, a motive-power circuit usually openand closed by and upon the closurc of said clearing-circuit, and anothertrack-circuit for controllingthc motivoowcr circuit and thoelectric-circuit of tho ho ding moans.

The combination with an automaticallyoperating railway-signal comprisinga signal devicc usually indicating danger, and a holding means for attimes retaining the signal de-vice in its safety msition when moved tosafety, of a systcm or controlling said railway'siguul comprising aplurality of trackcircuits, a clearing-circuit usually open and closedby the action of a train on one of said track-circuits whcrolyy thesignal device is permitted to he moved, from itsdanger position to itssaint y position and there rotuined by said holding, device, and aliolllingcircuit which is usually closed and is opened by the action ofa train on another of said track-ch cults. V

3. A railway signaling system for railway signals comprising a signaldevice usually indicating danger, automatically opcratiup msohanism formoving from dangcr to safety and other automatic means for at timesretaining it in its safctyposition, which comprises a plurality ofclosed track-circuits, a clearing-circuit controlled by one of saidtrack-circuits, a motive-pmvcr circuit usually open and closed by saidclearing-circuit whroby the signal device is moved to safety, and aholding-circuit usually closed and opened by the action of a train onanother of said track-circuits whereby the signal is pormittcd to moveto danger l'rom safoty 4. The combination with a railway-signalcomprising a signal device usually indicating danger, anautomatieally-operating mechanism the supply of motive power to which iselectrically controlled, a holding meanscon'iprising anelectrically-operated device forat times retaining the signal device inits safety position and a circuit including said electrically-operateddevice which is usually closed and is opened by the action of a tram torclease the signal device from its safety position whereby it may returnto its danger position; of a system for controllin the operation of saidmechanism to move t e signal device from danger to safety comprlsing aclosed track-circuit, a clearing-circuit usuallv 0 on and closed laysaid track-circuit through tie operation of a train on said closedtrackcircuit, and a 1uotive- )ower circuit usually open and closed bysaid clearing-circuit upon the closure of said clearing-circuit.

5. The combination with a railway-signal comprisin,- a signal deviceusually indicating danger, an ant omatically-opcrating mcchanism thesupply of motive )ower to which is electrically controlled, on a holdingmeans comprising an electrical device for at times retaining the signaldevice in its safety position when moved to safety; of a system forautomatically controlling the positions of said signal de 'ieccomprising a plurality of closed truck-circuits; a clearing-circuitusually open and closcd by the actlon of a train on one of thetrack-circuits: a motive-power circuit for controlling the motive powerto the 0 )cratiug mechanism usually opened and closer by the closing ofthe clearing-circuit, whereupon. the operating mcciuunsm will movethesignal device from danger to safety; and a circuit including theelectrically-o eratcd device of the holding means whici is usuall closedand which is opened by the 410- tion of U, train on another of saidtruck-vircuils.

ti. In ('oniliinution with a railway-signal voinprisin a signal dvvirre(roustrurticd to f usually giviu danger indii-ation, iin op'oratin;mm-lmnisni l'or moving i1v from danger indii-ution to safetyindii'ution, llll'ulls for at i times htlding it in its safetyindirzition, and an vloctrir rim-nil for the holding moans uslb ally(-losvd: of n rlvuring-virvnit :ill'or'ted by i the avtion of" a twin ona trn1-k-vii'ciiit. a mo 1 tiVc-powor (in-nit usually disabled and(-norgized by u rhungiin the olviiring-viri'uit, rind anothertruckwircruit l'or controlling the moiiw-powcr (ilfllit and the circuitof tlu lioldin menus. i 7. In (,UllilJilHlilUH with :i riiiluuy-signnl fcomprising anignal deviceconstrnnted to usually give a dangerindication, an operating HNClHUllSH] for moving it from danger1nd1oution to safety indication, means for at times holding it in itssafety indication, and an electrimeircuit for the holding means usuallyclosed; a n1otiveower ('irouit usually (lisuhled and energizer liytheaction of ii train on a traokwirouit, and another track-circuit forcontrolling the motive-power circuit and the circuit of the holdingmeans.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two suliei'rihvd witnessesv HENRY W. GRIFFIN.

Witnesses A. HERMAN WEGNER, JUHN G. Hon-:1.

